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design considerations, typography
Typography and Rules

Fine Rules and Small Type -
Rules that are 4 points or thinner, as well as small type, should be reproduced as one color only. Small type is defined as: sans-serif type 7 points or smaller, serif type 12 points or smaller, fine-serif type, such as Bodoni, 14 points or smaller.

Reversed Rules and Type -
Type smaller than 12 points should not be reversed on a four-color background and type smaller than 10 points should not be reversed on a single-color background. Serif type and fine-serif type should not be reversed at sizes smaller than 12 points, and even in cases of larger type, testing should be done to verify whether the process can reproduce the serifs. For contrast and readability, reverse type should not be positioned within screened areas containing less than a 70% screen of any one, two, three, or four colors. Type should not be reversed on a yellow or other light-colored background.

Screened Text -
When reproducing text as a screen percentage of a solid color, avoid type styles with serifs or with a fine to medium weight. Generally, text screened at 80% or more will reproduce as a solid. Consider the effect on legibility before attempting to screen type as a light screen tint.

Surprinted Type and Tints -
To ensure readability of rules and type that are overprinted on a tint background, the tint background should be no more than 25%. All tints or color builds should be created to take dot gain into account. These flat tints will reproduce darker on press than on a display monitor or on most proofing systems. It may be possible to specify higher tint values when using mainly magenta or yellow tints. The background should not be knocked out in areas of 12 points or less. For larger bold text or headings, background screens should be trapped behind black text to hide mis-register and show through of background colors.

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