Richard Eder dead; Pulitzer-winning book critic was 82

Richard Eder, a foreign correspondent who made the unusual transition to arts critic and was awarded a 1987 Pulitzer Prize for his Los Angeles Times book reviews, died Friday at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. He was 82.

The cause was pneumonia, a complication of post-polio syndrome, said his daughter Maria Eder Miller.

Richard Eder joined The New York Times as a copy boy in 1954 and rose through the ranks, reaching his goal of becoming a foreign correspondent in the early 1960s. He covered wars in Latin America and Europe and interviewed leaders such as Fidel Castro. But after about a dozen years of this type of reporting, Eder, who studied history and English at Harvard, was ready for a change.

"I had always been interested in the arts, and I also found eventually that being a foreign correspondent wore out," he said in a 1988 interview with Contemporary Authors.

Eder became a film critic at The New York Times, then was chief drama critic at the paper from 1977 to 1979. "My two years as a theater critic were enormously exciting," he said.

But they were also turbulent, with several Broadway producers complaining that his reviews were too tough. He did have his defenders, including Off-Broadway producer Joseph Papp, who said in a letter to the paper -- published in the Columbia Journal of American Studies -- that Eder came to the job with "no obligations to stars, directors or even to the avant-garde. He doesn't suck up, and I admire that." But Eder was out as critic and back to foreign reporting. "It hurt to be told to stop writing about theater," he said.

He made the leap to the Los Angeles Times as book critic in 1982. He chose to review mostly fiction, and he sought to put himself in the place of the reader.

"I mean to convey a sense of what it's going to be like to read the book," he told Contemporary Authors. He might impart some "fairly severe criticism," but he also aimed "to present enough of what the book is like so that a reader may in fact come to a different conclusion and say, 'He didn't like it, but it sounds interesting.' " Though his reviews could still be tough, Eder found a far more sympathetic reaction in the book world. In 1987, he won not only the Pulitzer Prize for criticism, but also the National Book Critics Circle's citation for excellence in reviewing.

Richard Gray Eder was born Aug. 16, 1932, in Washington, D.C.